Particle method and quantization-based schemes for the simulation of the McKean-Vlasov equation^*

CEREMADE, CNRS, UMR 7534, Université Paris-Dauphine, PSL University, 75016 Paris, France

^* Corresponding author: liu@ceremade.dauphine.fr

Received: 12 April 2023
Accepted: 26 January 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we study three numerical schemes for the McKean-Vlasov equation {dXt=b(t,Xt,μt)dt+σ(t,Xt,μt)dBt,∀t∈[0,T],μt is the probability distribution of Xt, where X₀ : (Ω, F, ℙ) → (ℝ^d, B(ℝ^d)) is a known random variable. Under the assumption on the Lipschitz continuity of the coefficients b and σ, our first result proves the convergence rate of the particle method with respect to the Wasserstein distance, which extends previous work [M. Bossy and D. Talay, Math. Comput. 66 (1997) 157–192.] established in a one-dimensional setting. In the second part, we present and analyse two quantization-based schemes, including the recursive quantization scheme (deterministic scheme) in the Vlasov setting, and the hybrid particle-quantization scheme (random scheme inspired by the K-means clustering). Two simulations are presented at the end of this paper: Burgers equation introduced in [M. Bossy and D. Talay, Math. Comput. 66 (1997) 157–192.] and the network of FitzHugh- Nagumo neurons (see [J. Baladron, D. Fasoli, O. Faugeras and J. Touboul, J. Math. Neurosci. 2 (2012) 1–50.] and [M. Bossy, O. Faugeras and D. Talay, J. Math. Neurosci. 5 (2015) 1–23.]) in dimension 3.